Medical Terms
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gait
pattern of locomotion
gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)
method of treating infertility by removing eggs from a woman's ovaries, combining them with sperm from her partner or a donor in the laboratory, and placing the eggs and sperm together in one of her fallopian tubes, where fertilization can occur.
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
A highly specialized technique using a device that produces ionizing radiation to produce a lesion in the target tissue. This device focuses a beam of high intensity irradiation to a targeted area and is used as localized therapy to treat individuals with certain brain diseases (eg, brain tumors, certain movement disorders, etc.).
ganglion
a cluster of nerve cells
ganglion cysts
non-cancerous, fluid-filled cysts are common masses or lumps in the hand and usually found on the back of the wrist.
Gardner's syndrome
condition in which many polyps form throughout the digestive tract.
gas
air that comes from the normal breakdown of food and is passed out of the body through the rectum (flatus) or the mouth (belch).
gastric
related to the stomach
gastric juices
liquids produced in the stomach to help break down food and kill bacteria.
gastrocolic reflex
increase of muscle movement in the gastrointestinal tract when food enters an empty stomach; may cause the urge to have a bowel movement right after eating.
gastroenteritis
infection or irritation of the stomach and intestines, which may be caused by bacteria or parasites from spoiled food or unclean water, or eating food that irritates the stomach lining and emotional upsets such as anger, fear, or stress.
gastroenterologist
physician who specializes in digestive diseases
gastroenterology
field of medicine concerned with the function and disorders of the digestive system.
gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Also called the alimentary canal or digestive tract.)
a large, muscular tube that extends from the mouth to the anus, where the movement of muscles and release of hormones and enzymes digest food.
gastrostomy
an artificial opening from the stomach to a hole (stoma) in the abdomen where a feeding tube is inserted. (See also enteral nutrition.)
gated blood pool scan
a nuclear scan to see how the heart wall moves and how much blood is expelled with each heart beat just after the patient has walked on a treadmill or ridden on a stationary bike.
general anesthetic
an anesthetic which causes the patient to become unconscious during surgery.
genes
basic, functional units of heredity, each occupying a specific place on a chromosome.
genital herpes
a sexually transmitted disease caused by the herpes simplex virus.
genu valgum
commonly known as "knock knees."
genu varum
commonly known as "bowed legs."
glucose
a simple sugar, which is the body’s main source of energy
gluten intolerance
see celiac disease
gluten sensitive enteropathy (Also called celiac sprue or celiac disease.)
a sensitivity to gluten - a wheat protein. Individuals with this disease must avoid gluten-containing grains, which include all forms of wheat, oats, barley, and rye
gluteus maximus
the large, superficial buttock muscle.
glycogen
converted glucose for storage. Glycogen plays a role in controlling blood sugar levels.
gonadotropins
luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone, produced by the pituitary gland.
gonads
ovaries and testes.
grades of movement
standardized means of documenting techniques of mobilization, relating it to the true feel of joint movement.
grading
a process for classifying cancer cells to determine the growth rate of the tumor. The cancer cells are measured by how closely they look like normal cells.
granuloma
mass of red, irritated tissue in the gastrointestinal tract found in Crohn's disease.
granulomatous colitis
another name for Crohn's disease of the colon.
granulomatous enteritis
another name for Crohn's disease of the small intestine.
gray matter
the darker-colored tissues of the central nervous system; in the brain, the gray matter includes the cerebral cortex, the thalamus, the basal ganglia, and the outer layers of the cerebellum.
guided imagery
envisioning a certain goal to help cope with health problems.
gustation
act or sensation of tasting
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